In modern industrial societies an adolescent culture has developed. Some people tend to be happier than others across all life situations. tracking. For example, in the United States, the southern, eastern, western, and midwestern regions of the country are associated with slightly different values. This is often considered an indicator of fairness and inclusion of processes that select group members such as recruiting and school admissions. Female genital mutilation was banned in the United States in 1995, and is also outlawed in Britain, France, Canada, Sweden, Switzerland, and some African countries. Cultural diversity - Wikipedia Culture is the lens with which we evaluate everything around us; we evaluate what is proper or improper, normal or abnormal, through our culture. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. B)they focus efforts on high-priority tasks. 9.2 Categories of Diversity - College Success | OpenStax 844-PURDUE-G The new ads feature more friendly banter and are subtler than the U.S. ads. U.S. Census Bureau,USA QuickFacts, accessed December 2010. It deprives women of sexual fulfillment and makes childbirth a hazardous process for both mother and infant. When political totalitarianism and religious zealotry flourish, women usually suffer oppression disproportionately compared to men, and this can adversely affect their health and longevity. Which of the following statements is true of your speech's purpose? In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. d. Multimethod probes on individualism and collectivism. Ethnocentrism is the belief that ones own culture is superior to other cultures one comes across. Research also shows that cultural variation with respect to these four dimensions influence employee job behaviors, attitudes, well-being, motivation, leadership, negotiations, and many other aspects of organizational behavior (Hofstede, 1980; Tsui, Nifadkar, & Ou, 2007). D)they represent an effective control mechanism. Awareness of culture, biases, stereotypes, and prejudices c. An understanding and acceptance of benefits of strategic management d. She earned a bachelors degree in psychology from Mansfield University, a masters degree in social relations from Lehigh University, and a doctorate degree in educational leadership from Wilmington University. Frauenheim, E. (2005). Diversity is the variety of identities, backgrounds and characteristics of people in a group. and Ph.D. in Sociology. But culture is also what anthropologists call encompassing, meaning that it is deeply rooted in our society and shapes all of our lives. Cultural diversity includes: Race. Germany is an example of a high uncertainty avoidance culture where people prefer structure in their lives and rely on rules and procedures to manage situations. If you consider only your interests and don't take the needs of your audience into account, audience members are more likely to. It implies a commitment to human rights and fundamental freedoms, in particular the rights of persons belonging to minorities and those of indigenous peoples. This shapes life at home and in the workplace as well as ideas about women in society in general. For this reason, the work of Geert Hofstede, a Dutch social scientist, is an important contribution to the literature. In India and other parts of Asia, traffic flows with rules of its own, with people disobeying red lights, stopping and loading passengers in highways, or honking continuously for no apparent reason. Despite being our most frequent activity, ______is also one of our least developed skills. Cultural differences may shape how people dress, how they act, how they form relationships, how they address each other, what they eat, and many other aspects of daily life. Culture is different in every society but it is found in every society and encompasses everyone and everything. What is your racial identification? Individualism-collectivism: A study of cross-cultural researchers. during the first few moments of the presentation. The five-factor model of personalty encompasses all of the following personality factors EXCEPT O.C.E.A.N B. Socialibility The disposition to be curious, unconventional, and imaginative is most closely related to which of the five personality factors theorized by the Big 5 theory of personality? all of the following strategies are critical components of multicultural education EXCEPT: tracking, cooperative learning, parental involvement, collaboration. The most (and least) culturally diverse countries in the world racism. Which of the following would NOT be a possible topic for a ceremonial speech? Formulating policies and strategies for the preservation and enhancement of the cultural and natural heritage, notably the oral and intangible cultural heritage, and combating illicit traffic in cultural goods and services. The Japanese saying the nail that sticks up gets hammered down illustrates that being different from the group is undesirable. The majority of women and men in cultures that perform genital mutilation support the continuation of the practice which makes change all the more difficult. By opening the lines of communication in the planning phase of the project, Convergys was alerted to this important cultural difference in time to change the plans (Fisher, 2005). Which of the following is rarely a function of a special occasion speech? For anthropologists, culture goes beyond simply signs, symbols, or dress. Source, attract and hire top talent with the worlds leading recruiting software. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Furthermore, this diversity makes our country a more interesting place to live, as people from diverse cultures contribute language skills, new ways of thinking, new knowledge, and different experiences. Collectivist cultures may have a greater preference for team-based rewards as opposed to individual-based rewards. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. The longer the period of city life, the higher was their blood pressure. . Such values have a pervasive influence in many settings, mainly in traditional agricultural societies, but also in some urbanized economies. PDF AFCLC Introduction to the Twelve Domains of Culture - Air University In societies where women are able to make decisions for themselves, especially about their education and their reproductive choices, have longer life expectancy, lower fertility rates, and better overall health. For example, having different tastes in music, movies, or books is not what we usually refer to as diversity. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. The Baxters are building a swimming pool in their backyard. Question: Cross Cultural Management Explain "all" of the following topics: -What diversity encompasses in the United States -The historical background for the study of diversity - Key diversity terms, including types of discrimination - Minority groups and non-dominant groups - Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination theories. Well-educated white-collar workers may be more aware of the benefits of exercise than those lacking educationthey are more likely to play than watch sports, and are more likely to have better-paying jobs that enable them to afford sporting equipment. While respect is the most common diversity issue in the workplace, there are many other problems you should be aware of. We lose what percentage of what we hear over a very short time? In addition, the world of work is becoming increasingly international. Fisher, A. Article 4 Human rights as guarantees of cultural diversity. Intervene in an appropriate manner when you observe others engaging in behaviors that show cultural insensitivity, bias, or prejudice. Rothaermel, F. T., Kotha, S., & Steensma, H. K. (2006). Exchange your sentences with another student and fill in the blanks in each other's sentences. Choose a topic that has been used many times before. They also often represent ways in which deep cultural messages are transmitted through the medium of the human body. All of the following can affect biodiversity, except - Toppr Ask Build background about cultural diversity in the United States. UNESCO Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity presenting evidence for specific ideas contained in the speech, An effective introduction accomplishes all of the following EXCEPT, Use off-color humor to upset the audience. As a source of exchange, innovation and creativity, cultural diversity is as necessary for humankind as biodiversity is for nature. Dr. Lisa D. Belfieldis an adjunct professor in the Purdue GlobalHuman ServicesDepartment. They are likely part of. Community structure (article) | Biodiversity | Khan Academy In these cultures, people may feel uncomfortable when they are asked to participate in decision making. Cultural humility is a lifelong process of self-reflection (Tervalon & Murray-Garcia, 1998). Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. Culture encompasses the set of beliefs, moral values, traditions, language, and laws (or rules of behavior) held in common by a nation, a community, or other defined group of people. Two points are central in understanding his conception, Cultural History and New Cultural History, Cultural Impacts: Venice in Peril, a Case Study, Cultural Practices and Environmental Destruction, https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/cultural-factors. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Based on demographic data, there is a good chance you will find yourself speaking before what kinds of audiences? Which of the following is NOT true in regards to criteria for selecting your topic? White B. Hispanic C. African-American D. Asian American C. African-American What language do you speak? Some companies also adjust their hiring process to make sure it's inclusive. "Cultural Factors If every team member has the same backgrounds, attributes or perspectives, their team might not be as creative and successful as it could. All of the following are some of the co-cultures belonging to the same general culture, EXCEPT. Similarly, Greece is a culture relatively high in uncertainty avoidance, and Greek employees working in hierarchical and rule-oriented companies report lower levels of stress (Joiner, 2001). Cultural Diversity in the United States - National Geographic Society When attempting to startle or shock your audience as an attention-getting technique, you should ask all of the following except. A multicultural college presents many opportunities for degree-seekers. The pervasive influence of the media, especially television, in almost all contemporary societies projects cultural values and behavior that emanate from the American entertainment industry. While ensuring the free flow of ideas by word and image care should be exercised so that all cultures can express themselves and make themselves known. The rules we set for defining kinship such as who we can marry or whether a society is matriarchal or patriarchal are all examples of encompassing aspects of culture. Business Week Online. Countries such as the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia are examples of individualistic cultures. Your success as a speaker depends on all of the following EXCEPT. developing the visual aids for your speech, An outline helps you with all of the following EXCEPT, critique supporting materials for your speech, By using an outline you can do all of the following EXCEPT. Encyclopedias almanacs transcripts and maps. Retrieved January 29, 2009, from http://www.nvtc.gov/lotw/months/november/USschoollanguages.htm. Encompassing Culture: Definition & Example | Study.com For this reason, heritage in all its forms must be preserved, enhanced and handed on to future generations as a record of human experience and aspirations, so as to foster creativity in all its diversity and to inspire genuine dialogue among cultures. Select one: a. Why is cultural diversity a good thing? In Western societies the female body is often altered for cultural reasons. Employment contracts tend to be more popular in cultures higher in uncertainty avoidance compared to cultures low in uncertainty avoidance (Raghuram, London, & Larsen, 2001). Japan and Hungary are examples of masculine cultures. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. 6. Much can be learned about the linkages between culture and health by studying migrant populations, whose culture of origin is often very different from the culture into which they migrate. Maybe you have noticed that in many parts of the United States people routinely greet strangers with a smile when they step into an elevator or see them on the street, but the same behavior of saying hello and smiling at strangers would be considered odd in many parts of Europe. Some common characteristics that signify diversity in the workplace might include gender identity, . The defence of cultural diversity is an ethical imperative, inseparable from respect for human dignity. Among Latino immigrants in the United States, anthropologists have linked the illness to the sense of social and political disempowerment that these people experience. Cultures are not staticthey evolve over the years. Basically, anything that is human made or created is encompassed by culture. 9. Collectivistic societies emphasize conformity to the group. Though often called "lifestyle factors," in such cases these differences are culturally determined because the related behaviors are associated with religious beliefs and practices. Workable helps companies of all sizes hire at scale. SiteMap, Business Fundamentals + Google IT Support, Professional Focus + Google Data Analytics, Professional Focus + Google Project Management, Homeland Security and Emergency Management, Cybersecurity Fundamentals + Google IT Support, Adult-Gerontology Acute Care Nurse Practitioner, Adult-Gerontology Primary Care Nurse Practitioner, Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner, December 18, 2012|Dr. Lisa D. Belfield. Wall Street Journal, p. B1. High power distance within a culture may easily cause misunderstandings with those from low power distance societies. Medical Anthropology in Ecological Perspective, 3rd edition. Many studies have shown that immigrants have higher rates of mental illness, probably due to the tremendous stresses of living in a new cultural environment. While individualists may evaluate the performance of their colleagues more accurately, collectivists are more likely to be generous when evaluating their in-group members. Culture is everything from the food we eat to the clothes that we wear. In these cultures, values are not separated by gender, and both women and men share the values of maintaining good relationships. With the globalizing economy, boundaries with respect to careers are also blurring. Consideringthat the process of globalization, facilitated by the rapid development of new information and communication technologies, though representing a challenge for cultural diversity, creates the conditions for renewed dialogue among cultures and civilizations. Cultures vary across the globe but. Essentially, cultural diversity is about bringing people together from a diverse set of backgrounds and cultures, then creating an environment that not only recognizes the differences between those cultures and backgrounds, but celebrates them. In many countries, it is possible to talk about the existence of cultures based on region or geography. This is done because it increases the awareness of personal values, stereotypes, assumptions, and biases. Collectivists are more attached to their groups and have more permanent attachments to these groups. A number of factors, including food, language, religion and customs, make up different cultures. Tell me about yourself, they are more likely to talk about their likes and dislikes, personal goals, or accomplishments. When individualists are asked a question such as Who are you? Diversity is a set of conscious practices that involve understanding and appreciating interdependence of humanity, cultures, and the natural environment; practicing mutual respect for qualities and experiences that are different from our own; understanding that diversity includes not only ways of being but also ways of knowing; recognizing that personal, cultural, and institutionalized . All rights reserved. Theories of Difference, Diversity, and - Oxford Academic You can also promote diversity in your job ads and provide targeted internships. Behavioral Approaches to Leadership, 12.4 What Is the Role of the Context? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 10061020. All persons have therefore the right to express themselves and to create and disseminate their work in the language of their choice, and particularly in their mother tongue; all persons are entitled to quality education and training that fully respect their cultural identity; and all persons have the right to participate in the cultural life of their choice and conduct their own cultural practices, subject to respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. Freeborders, a software company based in San Francisco, California, found that even though it was against company policy, Chinese employees were routinely sharing salary information with their coworkers. A tragic example is the spread of HIV/AIDS (human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), particularly in Africa, where economic necessity shapes choices that are often hazardous to health. High power distance cultures are hierarchical cultures where everyone has their place. Cultural diversity supports the idea that every person can make a unique and positive contribution to the larger society because of, rather than in spite of, their differences. (2005, January 24). Thinking about hundreds of different ways in which cultures may differ is not very practical when you are trying to understand how culture affects work behaviors. Some girls and women strive to achieve a very low body weight, a modern, culturally shaped notion of beauty that has supplanted the former "ideal"the plump female form depicted in the paintings of Rubens and Renoir. Pornpitakpan, C. (2000). For example, Convergys, a Cincinnati-based call-center company, built a cafeteria for the employees in India. As a professor, she enjoys engaging students in taking a critical look at the world in which they thrive, and encourages them to see themselves as lifelong learners in an intellectual arena. Cultural diversity is important because our country, workplaces, and schools increasingly consist of various cultural, racial, and ethnic groups. ." This glossary and its definitions provide a starting point for engaging in open and honest conversation, and is a tool meant to . Organizational Behavior by University of Minnesota is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. - Criteria, Symptoms & Treatment, Atypical Antipsychotics: Effects & Mechanism of Action, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. The position of a culture on these dimensions affects the suitable type of management style, reward systems, employee selection, and ways of motivating employees. This chapter addresses theories of difference, diversity, and intersectionality, and what they bring to understandings of diversity management. Diversity involves having people from a variety of cultural, ethnic and racial backgrounds consortium of different perspectives Differences in characteristics of humans. See more on the definition of diversity and biases. Based on the standard diversity definition, the types of diversity in a social context are theoretically infinite: they encompass every characteristic that appears with variations among a group of people (such as hair or eye color). Cultures high in uncertainty avoidance prefer predictable situations and have low tolerance for ambiguity. The tool provides specific advice about interpersonal interactions with these cultures (Hamm, 2008). Women in the nineteenth century constricted their waists and compressed their breasts with rigid corsets. C)they motivate high levels of individual and collective task performance. Humans acquire culture through the learning processes of . A piece of advice that was true 5 years ago may no longer hold true. For example, among Latino populations in Central America and the United States, anthropologists describe "ataques de nervios," an illness characterized by symptoms such as shaking, a feeling of heat in the chest, difficulty in moving the limbs, and parasthesias. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 31, 703724. Person as author : Cohen, Elie In : World culture report, 2000: cultural diversity, conflict and pluralism, p. 66-91 Language : English Also available in : Also available in : Franais Also available in : Espaol Year of publication : 2000. book part When interacting with others who may not be proficient in English, recognize that their limitations in English proficiency in no way reflects their level of intellectual functioning. The speaker reduces the chances of alienating the members of the audience.